Definition

SMTP Verification

Also known as: SMTP Probe, Mailbox Probe

Checking whether a specific mailbox exists by starting an SMTP conversation with the receiving server without sending a real email.

SMTP verification confirms that an individual mailbox exists by beginning the SMTP delivery conversation and watching how the server responds to the RCPT TO command. If the server accepts the recipient, the mailbox is very likely real; if it returns a 550 "no such user," it does not exist. The probe is aborted before any message is actually sent.

It is the most precise signal a verifier has, but it depends on the receiving server cooperating. Catch-all domains accept every recipient, so the probe is inconclusive there. Some servers greylist or rate-limit unknown senders, returning temporary errors that have to be retried.

Because results can be ambiguous, an honest engine reports inconclusive probes as unknown or catch-all rather than guessing — and uses reputation data to fill the gaps.

Related terms

See it in action

Check any address against BounceShift's multi-layer engine — syntax, MX, disposable, and role checks free, with full SMTP verification on signup.